def foo(a, b):
return a + b
Module III - Day 1
Python Made Easy: Science and Math Edition
Sep-Dec 2025 batch, Vikrant Patil
Date: 20 Dec 2025
Live note are here https://vikrant.dev/python-made-easy-science-math/module3-day1.html
Please login to https://traininghub.vikrant.dev and create a notebook with name module3-day1.ipynb
© Vikrant Patil
Functions as arguments
foo<function __main__.foo(a, b)>def square(x):
return x*x
def cube(x):
return x*x*x
def sumofsquares(a, b, c):
return square(a) + square(b) + square(c)
def sumofcubes(a, b, c):
return cube(a) + cube(b) + cube(c)
def sumof(a, b, c, func):
return func(a) + func(b) + func(c)
sumofsquares(12, 34, 15)1525sumof(12, 34, 15, sqaure)1525sumofcubes(23, 12, 34)53199sumof(23, 12, 34, cube)53199words = ["one", "two", "three", "four", "five", "six", "seven"]max(words) # maximum by dictionary order , alphabetical 'two'max(words, key=len)'three'nums = [1,1, 2, 3, 5, 5]max(nums)5def mylen(word):
print(word)
return len(word)max(words, key=mylen)one
two
three
four
five
six
seven'three'def mymax(items, key=None):
m = words[0]
v = key(words[0])
for word in words[1:]:
v1 = key(word)
if v1 > v:
m = word
v = v1
return mmymax(words, key=mylen)one
two
three
four
five
six
seven'three'records = [
("TATA", 200.0, 5.5),
("INFY", 2000.0, -5),
("RELIANCE", 1505.5, 50.0),
("HCL", 1200, 70.5)
]records[0]('TATA', 200.0, 5.5)r = records[0]r('TATA', 200.0, 5.5)r[0]'TATA'r[1]200.0r[2]5.5def get_value(r):
return r[1]
def get_gain(r):
return r[2]max(records)('TATA', 200.0, 5.5)max(records, key=get_value)('INFY', 2000.0, -5)max(records, key=get_gain)('HCL', 1200, 70.5)min(records, key=get_gain)('INFY', 2000.0, -5)min(records, key=get_value)('TATA', 200.0, 5.5)%%file records.csv
symbol,value,gain
"TATA",200.0,5.5
"INFY",2000.0,-5
"RELIANCE",1505.5,50.0
"HCL",1200,70.5Writing records.csvimport csvdef read_data(filename):
with open(filename) as f:
fd = csv.DictReader(f)
return [line for line in fd]
read_data("records.csv") [{'symbol': 'TATA', 'value': '200.0', 'gain': '5.5'},
{'symbol': 'INFY', 'value': '2000.0', 'gain': '-5'},
{'symbol': 'RELIANCE', 'value': '1505.5', 'gain': '50.0'},
{'symbol': 'HCL', 'value': '1200', 'gain': '70.5'}]data = read_data("records.csv")data[{'symbol': 'TATA', 'value': '200.0', 'gain': '5.5'},
{'symbol': 'INFY', 'value': '2000.0', 'gain': '-5'},
{'symbol': 'RELIANCE', 'value': '1505.5', 'gain': '50.0'},
{'symbol': 'HCL', 'value': '1200', 'gain': '70.5'}]data[0]{'symbol': 'TATA', 'value': '200.0', 'gain': '5.5'}def get_value(dictrow):
return float(dictrow['value'])max(data, key=get_value){'symbol': 'INFY', 'value': '2000.0', 'gain': '-5'}def get_gain(dictrow):
return float(dictrow['gain'])max(data, key=get_gain){'symbol': 'HCL', 'value': '1200', 'gain': '70.5'}sorted(data, key=get_value)[{'symbol': 'TATA', 'value': '200.0', 'gain': '5.5'},
{'symbol': 'HCL', 'value': '1200', 'gain': '70.5'},
{'symbol': 'RELIANCE', 'value': '1505.5', 'gain': '50.0'},
{'symbol': 'INFY', 'value': '2000.0', 'gain': '-5'}]sorted(words, key=len)['one', 'two', 'six', 'four', 'five', 'three', 'seven']Automatation of invoice generation
items to take input
- document number
- coustomer details
- po (file)
Items to be generated automatically
- date
- Invoice number
items that will remain constant
- vendor
- hsn
- address
- logo
- gst
- account details
%%file hello.py
import sys
name = sys.argv[1]
print("Hello", name)Overwriting hello.py!python hello.py vikrantHello vikrantimport typer%%file invoice-generator.py
import typer
def generate_invoice(document_num:str, pofile:str, customer:str):
pass
if __name__ == "__main__":
typer.run(generate_invoice)Writing invoice-generator.py!python invoice-generator.py --helpUsage: invoice-generator.py [OPTIONS] DOCUMENT_NUM POFILE CUSTOMER ╭─ Arguments ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮ │ * document_num TEXT [required] │ │ * pofile TEXT [required] │ │ * customer TEXT [required] │ ╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯ ╭─ Options ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮ │ --help Show this message and exit. │ ╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯
!python invoice-generator.py AASAS121323 bosch-po1.csv bosch.csv%%file po1.csv
item,description,quntity,unitprice,totalprice
10,plc service1,2,10000,20000
20,plc service2,3,4000,12000
30,plc service3,1,20000,20000Writing po1.csv%%file hypotheticals.csv
name, address, GSTIN
Hypothetical Ltd,"240,At post ABC, near XYZ, CITY, 411020", 27ZOBLL95691Z0Overwriting hypotheticals.csv%%file invoice-generator.py
import typer
import csv
GSTIN = "27ASBLL55591Z0"
def read_po(pofile):
with open(pofile) as f:
d_po = csv.DictReader(f)
return [line for line in d_po]
def read_customer_details(customerfile):
with open(customerfile) as f:
d_po = csv.DictReader(f)
return next(d_po)
def generate_invoice(document_num:str, pofile:str, customer:str):
print(document_num)
print(read_po(pofile))
print(read_customer_details(customer))
if __name__ == "__main__":
typer.run(generate_invoice)Overwriting invoice-generator.py!python invoice-generator.py --helpUsage: invoice-generator.py [OPTIONS] DOCUMENT_NUM POFILE CUSTOMER ╭─ Arguments ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮ │ * document_num TEXT [required] │ │ * pofile TEXT [required] │ │ * customer TEXT [required] │ ╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯ ╭─ Options ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮ │ --help Show this message and exit. │ ╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯
!python invoice-generator.py SASA7647236 po1.csv hypotheticals.csvSASA7647236
[{'item': '10', 'description': 'plc service1', 'quntity': '2', 'unitprice': '10000', 'totalprice': '20000'}, {'item': '20', 'description': 'plc service2', 'quntity': '3', 'unitprice': '4000', 'totalprice': '12000'}, {'item': '30', 'description': 'plc service3', 'quntity': '1', 'unitprice': '20000', 'totalprice': '20000'}]
{'name': 'Hypothetical Ltd', ' address': '240,At post ABC, near XYZ, CITY, 411020', ' GSTIN': ' 27ZOBLL95691Z0'}import csvwith open("po1.csv") as f:
d = csv.DictReader(f)
print(next(d)){'item': '10', 'description': 'plc service1', 'quntity': '2', 'unitprice': '10000', 'totalprice': '20000'}import xlsxwriter--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ModuleNotFoundError Traceback (most recent call last) Cell In[72], line 1 ----> 1 import xlsxwriter ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'xlsxwriter'
!pip install xlsxwriterCollecting xlsxwriter
Using cached xlsxwriter-3.2.9-py3-none-any.whl.metadata (2.7 kB)
Using cached xlsxwriter-3.2.9-py3-none-any.whl (175 kB)
Installing collected packages: xlsxwriter
Successfully installed xlsxwriter-3.2.9import xlsxwriterimport xlsxwriter
workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('image.xlsx')
worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet()
logo = '/home/vikrant//logo.png'
# Original image.
worksheet.insert_image('B2', logo)
# Same size as original, despite row/col changes.
worksheet.insert_image('E8', logo)
# Make column F narrower.
worksheet.set_column('F:F', 2)
# Hide row 10 (zero indexed).
worksheet.set_row(9, None, None, {'hidden': True})
workbook.close()--------------------------------------------------------------------------- FileNotFoundError Traceback (most recent call last) Cell In[76], line 8 6 logo = '/home/vikrant/Picutures/logo.png' 7 # Original image. ----> 8 worksheet.insert_image('B2', logo) 10 # Same size as original, despite row/col changes. 11 worksheet.insert_image('E8', logo) File ~/usr/local/default/lib/python3.13/site-packages/xlsxwriter/worksheet.py:114, in convert_cell_args.<locals>.cell_wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs) 111 new_args = xl_cell_to_rowcol(first_arg) 112 args = new_args + args[1:] --> 114 return method(self, *args, **kwargs) File ~/usr/local/default/lib/python3.13/site-packages/xlsxwriter/worksheet.py:1584, in Worksheet.insert_image(self, row, col, source, options) 1581 return -1 1583 # Convert the source to an Image object. -> 1584 image = self._image_from_source(source, options) 1586 image._row = row 1587 image._col = col File ~/usr/local/default/lib/python3.13/site-packages/xlsxwriter/worksheet.py:5254, in Worksheet._image_from_source(self, source, options) 5252 image.image_name = source 5253 else: -> 5254 image = Image(source) 5256 return image File ~/usr/local/default/lib/python3.13/site-packages/xlsxwriter/image.py:70, in Image.__init__(self, source) 67 self._y_dpi: float = DEFAULT_DPI 68 self._digest: Union[str, None] = None ---> 70 self._get_image_properties() File ~/usr/local/default/lib/python3.13/site-packages/xlsxwriter/image.py:181, in Image._get_image_properties(self) 178 data = self.image_data.getvalue() 179 else: 180 # Open the image file and read in the data. --> 181 with open(self.filename, "rb") as fh: 182 data = fh.read() 184 # Get the image digest to check for duplicates. FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/home/vikrant/Picutures/logo.png'